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Furnitures are a product of artistic design with functionality and is considered a form of decorative art. In addition to furniture's functional role, it can serve a symbolic or religious purpose. Furniture has been a part of the human experience.
The history of furniture design begins since the neolithic era. But to simplify the Art of Living, Meroni categorise them into
- Classical : covering from the greco-roman style to the middle ages. Movements such as the renaissance are inspired by the classical world.
- Baroque : The seventeenth century, in both Southern and Northern Europe, was characterized by opulent, often gilded Baroque designs that frequently incorporated a profusion of vegetal and scrolling ornament
- Art Deco: The early twentieth century are often seen as the march towards Modernism eg. Art Deco, Bauhaus.
- Lifestyle: Contemporary designs influenced by Modernism/Post Modernism.
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Classical Furnitures -
The classical world introduced Roman furniture such as Herculaneum and Pompeii style. The furniture of the Middle Ages was usually heavy, oak, and ornamented with carved designs. Along with the other arts, the Italian Renaissance of the fourteenth and fifteenth century marked a rebirth in design, often inspired by the Greco-Roman tradition.
Starting in the eighteenth century, furniture designs began to develop more rapidly. Although there were some styles that belonged primarily to one nation, such as Palladianism in Great Britain, others, such as the Rococo and Neoclassicism were perpetuated throughout Western Europe.
Picture: Commode
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Baroque Furnitures -
The popularity and success of the Baroque style was encouraged by the Roman Catholic Church to promote religious themes in art. The Baroque movement aimed to impress visitors in dramatic styles of triumphant power.
The word baroque is derived from the Portuguese word "barroco", Spanish "barroco", or French "baroque", all of which refer to a "rough or imperfect pearl". In informal usage, the word baroque can simply mean that something is "elaborate", with many details, without reference to the Baroque styles of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.
Picture: Baroque Bed |
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Art Deco Furnitures -
Its popularity peaked in Europe during the Roaring Twenties and continued strongly in the United States through the 1930s. Although many design movements have political or philosophical roots or intentions, Art Deco was purely decorative. At the time, this style was seen as elegant, functional, and modern. Chrysaler building is an icon of Art Deco.
The structure of Art Deco is based on mathematical geometric shapes. Art Deco was a reaction to the forced austerity imposed by World War I.
Art Deco is characterized by use of materials such as aluminium, stainless steel, lacquer and inlaid wood. Exotic materials such as sharkskin (shagreen), and zebraskin were also in evidence. The bold use of stepped forms and sweeping curves, chevron patterns, and the sunburst motif are typical of Art Deco.
Picture: Dining iin Art Deco
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Modern Furnitures - Lifestyle / Contemporary
Modern furniture refers to furniture produced from the late 19th century through the present that is influenced by modernism. It was a tremendous departure from all furniture design that had gone before it. Patterned fabrics gave way to the glittering simplicity and geometry of polished metal. The forms of furniture evolved from visually heavy to visually light.
The modern movement sought newness, originality, technical innovation, and ultimately the message that it conveyed spoke of the present and the future, rather than of what had gone before it. The use of new materials, such as steel in its many forms; molded plywood, such as that used by Charles and Ray Eames; and of course plastics, were formative in the creation of these new designs.
This interest in new and innovative materials and methods - produced a certain blending of the disciplines of technology and art. Also, a tremendous fashion for all things Japanese - Japonism - swept Europe. Some say that the western Art Nouveau movement emerged from this influence directly.
Picture: ArtDeco & Lifestyle Sitting. |
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